Heart failure is a chronic condition where the heart cannot pump blood effectively, leading to a buildup of fluid in the lungs and other parts of the body. It can result from various factors, including coronary artery disease, high blood pressure, and previous heart attacks, which weaken the heart muscle. Symptoms often include shortness of breath, fatigue, swollen legs, and rapid heartbeat. Management typically involves lifestyle changes, medications, and in some cases, surgical interventions to improve heart function and quality of life. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to managing symptoms and preventing complications.